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{"id":455,"date":"2020-12-09T12:51:48","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T12:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akoriot.com\/?page_id=455"},"modified":"2022-01-20T09:25:48","modified_gmt":"2022-01-20T09:25:48","slug":"testing-your-antenna","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.akoriot.com\/antenna-services\/testing-your-antenna\/","title":{"rendered":"Testing your antenna"},"content":{"rendered":"[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#e1e1f3″ use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_start=”#e1e1f3″ background_color_gradient_end=”rgba(86,114,255,0.36)” background_color_gradient_type=”radial” background_color_gradient_direction_radial=”left” background_color_gradient_start_position=”75%” background_color_gradient_overlays_image=”on” background_image=”https:\/\/www.akoriot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/therapist-10.png” parallax=”on” bottom_divider_style=”curve” bottom_divider_color=”#7483d4″ saved_tabs=”all” collapsed=”off”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_blurb title=”Testing Your Antenna” alt=”Picture of a workshop on antenna design” content_max_width=”833px” _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default” header_level=”h1″ header_font=”Montserrat|300|||||||” header_font_size=”50px” body_text_align=”center” body_font_size=”26px” body_line_height=”1.4em” background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” background_enable_image=”off” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”-8px||||false|false” custom_padding=”12px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n
Getting it right for mass production<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#7483d4″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_blurb image=”https:\/\/www.akoriot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/antenna-test.jpg” alt=”return loss curves from a VNA” image_max_width=”67%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”4.7.4″ _module_preset=”default” header_level=”h1″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”7px|15px||15px|false|true” border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” border_width_all=”2px” border_color_all=”#2e3192″ border_radii_image=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” border_width_all_image=”2px” border_color_all_image=”#2e3192″ box_shadow_style_image=”preset4″ box_shadow_horizontal_image=”11px” box_shadow_blur_image=”11px” box_shadow_color_image=”#3c3e99″]<\/p>\n
Matching the impedance of an antenna in its final configuration is vital to the power consumption (i.e. battery life) and transmission range of your IoT device.<\/p>\n
VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) expresses the efficiency of transfer of power to an antenna which is negatively affected by an impedance mismatch.\u00a0 The reflection coefficient of the power reflected back from the antenna due to this mismatch is called the Return Loss and is expressed in -dB (the higher the negative value the better).\u00a0 A VSWR less than 3 is considered satisfactory for a cellular radio, and at 2 or better there is little to gain from impedance matching.\u00a0 As VSWR increases the transmit power of the radio module decreases and bit errors can occur, worse, the reflected power can damage the radio.<\/p>\n
The frequency gap between two \u2013 6 dB or \u2013 9.5 dB points in the curve on the resonance frequency is called the -6 dB or -10 dB bandwidth. \u00a0A -10 dB bandwidth (equal to a VSWR of 2) covering the target resonance frequency is the goal of any antenna designer.<\/p>\n
In the example above the green graph shows that the -10 dB Return Loss bandwidth is from an estimated 1000 MHz up to 1250 MHz whereas across the target resonance frequency shaded in grey it is below the -10 dB target, and thus the antenna must be adjusted.\u00a0 With the adjustment the red graph shows that the antenna now performs more or less satisfactorily at both target bands (in this case GSM 900 and 1800).<\/p>\n